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Superplasticizers,
or high range water reducers, are admixtures used to make high slump
flowing concrete. They
can do this when they are added to low to
medium slump, and low water to cement ratio concrete. The resulting
highly fluid concrete is
workable, needs little compaction and vibration, and
bleeding and segregation are reduced. Fluid concrete is used in placing
thin sections, unopen spaces, obstructed reinforced steel, underwater
tremie pipe, and pumped concrete. Superplasticizers, entrained air,
alginates, and cellulose derivatives are workability agents that
lubricate or increase the slump of
stiff concrete. Other types of admixtures used in concrete are
corrosion inhibitors, damp proofing agents, permeability reducing
agents, colouring admixtures, pumping aids, alkali reactivity reduction
admixtures, bonding admixtures and agents, grouting agents, gas forming
agents, air detrainers (air reducers), and fungicidal, germicidal and
insecticidal admixtures.
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